Public Policies and the Social Reintegration of Young Offenders

A Critical Analysis of the Portuguese Educational Guardianship Law

Abstract

This article proposes a critical analysis of public policies aimed at the social reintegration of young people subject to Educational Measures for Juvenile Offenders in Portugal. Based on a theoretical framework that combines contributions from contemporary sociology, public policy studies and social work, the article seeks to understand how the current juvenile justice model responds to the challenges posed by ongoing social transformations. The paper reviews the historical evolution of policies addressing minors who commit acts legally classified as crimes, examines the guiding principles and measures established by the Portuguese Law, and provides a critical reading of statistical data related to its implementation. Additionally, the article discusses the impact of social, technological and cultural changes on youth socialization processes and social reintegration trajectories. The analysis highlights that, although the Portuguese legal framework emphasizes an educational and responsibility-oriented approach, significant challenges remain regarding the implementation of measures, the articulation between public policies, and the adaptation of professional practices to emerging social realities. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of strengthening preventive, community-based and interdisciplinary approaches, as well as the need for continued critical reflection on the role of Social Work in the development and implementation of these policies.