Authorship
The journal follows the ICMJE guidelines for the definition of authorship. To qualify as an author, each person listed as an author must meet all four of the following criteria:
- substantial contribution to the conception or design of the work, data collection, analysis, or interpretation of results;
- drafting of the manuscript or critical revision of significant intellectual content;
- final approval of the version to be published;
- agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
The use of artificial intelligence tools in the conception, research or writing of the work must be declared by the authors. Artificial intelligence tools cannot be listed as authors, as they cannot take responsibility for the content.
Contributions that do not confer authorship
Authorship is not granted solely on the basis of:
- technical support;
- participation in data collection without intellectual involvement;
- administrative supervision;
- funding without scientific contribution.
These contributions must be acknowledged in the Acknowledgements section.
Changes in authorship
Any change (addition, removal, or change in order of authors) after submission requires:
- written justification;
- consent of all authors involved;
- evaluation by the responsible editor.
Ghost, guest, or honorary authorship
The journal rejects practices such as:
- authorship without contribution (gift authorship);
- exclusion of those who worked substantially (ghost authorship);
- inclusion of authors for institutional or hierarchical reasons.
